In Rabindra Bharati University I first experienced how total music should be. Rabindra Bharati had many musical streams like Vocal, Instrumental, Rabindra Sangeet, Dance and Drama. They are all in one building so we were intermingled in every way. If drama stream needs some help in vocals they would come to us. Instruments are a constant help to everyone, in songs etc. The programmes that we were involved then, progressed us a lot in our thoughts. Then in vocal section we had Pt ChinmoyLahiri, Pt Amiya Ranjan Bandyopadhyay, Pt Nimaichand Boral, Respected Uma Dey, Respected Usharanjan Mukhopadhyay, Respected Chhabi Bandyopadhyay, Respected Brindaban Banik (Kirtan), Respected Brajarakhal Das- they were all famous in their respected fields.
I am very indebted to Nimaichand Boral and Kaberi Kar, they taught me to love dhrupad. They were both disciple of Dagar Gharana. Nimaibabu was a disciple of Ustad Moinuddin Dagar and Kaberi Debi was disciple of Ustad Fahimuddin Dagar. They taught us alap in a way that we used to forget the timings of our classes, and it would be evening at six instead of five p.m. classes.
In my home I shared these with my Guruji and he told me to hear them well. He used to say “listening to music is the first thing in learning music; if a beat missed it won’t be major thing but out of tuned music is not music at all. You stay rapt in tunes.” I have learnt a lot from these wonderful teachers. How Surafaktal can be sung in Dhrupad, how Choutal or Dhamar can be sung they had taught me separately. It wouldn’t be just if I do not mention It, Uma Bhattacharya, she was the sister of Respected Uday Bhattacharya. She used to attend me, even if I go alone in her classes, although her Gharana (Khandar Bani) was not my discipline. (Dhrupad had a small set of student of 7-8 where as Kheyal had a large number of students).
We didn’t get to learn from Udaybabu but we learnt from Itudi who taught there.
You have to learn Thumri and Tappa in learning Kheyal and you have to learn Chaturanga, Tribata, Ragamala, Talmala, Panchamsawari. All must be sung in different style. In Thumri you can sing in Dadra in other rhythm too but not in Dhrupad. You have to sing Surfaktala in that that rhythm, Panchamsawari in that rhythm, Tribata in Teora tala. In Chaturanga there are four parts, meaningless words, sound of pakhwaj, lyrics of the song and Swarguchha. Tribata has three such part. Dhrupad is a vast subject and I had to listen to many accomplished singers here. So, I decided to sing Dhrupad in future. My Guruji said “it’s a good thing that you decided that. It will help you to improve your Kheyal too. By learning Dhrupad the tuning and the four parts of alap, the last part of which is Jhala is like Tana in Kheyal can be practised too. So, Rabindra Bharati introduced me to the world of Dhrupad and let me earn my place in it. Afterwards I achieved first class in Dhrupad from this university. It was in 1983-87 and the classes were held in Jorasnko Thakurbari.
It was a morning programme. All Bengal Music Conference.
Where was this?
This was the one hosted by Lal babu. All India. This one was held at Mahajati Sadan.
When was this approximately?
This was around 1940/41-42. Kesar Bai was singing in the morning. She was a very sombre kind of a woman. She was the only disciple of Alladiya Khan. In the morning, she was singing varieties of Raga Bilawal. Bilawal is a very difficult raga. There are many variations – kukuv bilawal and so on and so forth. Keshar Bai was singing. In the heat of the moment she said, “Bade Miyan, this is very difficult. To acquire the Bilawal and to be able to sing it is very difficult. This is Bade Miya’s training.” Bade Miya means Alladiya Khan.
That to Faiyaz Khan!
Yes, Faiyaz Khan. She said it in front of everyone. Faiyaz Khan was very upset. She was singing and speaking. No one sings the Vilaval usually. Not Ghulam Ali Khan sahib, not Amir Khan – no one. And among those of us who play instruments, Vilayet Khan used to play Imni Vilaval. Alaiya, Imni – three or four Vilavals. And they were not trained under Alladiya Khan. Keshar Bai was a league apart.
Faiyaz Khan was to perform that night. He sang the Darbari. He said, “Begum sahiba, this Dhaibat is very difficult.” Dhaibat and Gandhar. This was the nature of competitions during that time. That volume, that voice, that ‘kharaj’. There’ll never be another Faiyaz Khan again.
It was a remarkable performance. In 1952-53, Nazakat and Salamat came to Kolkata. Onkarnath Thakur brought him. When Nazakat and Salamat were young, they had trained under Ghulam Ali Khan sahib. They learnt from when he was around ten years old till the age of thirteen.
Under Bade Ghulam Ali?
Ghulam Ali Khan sahib came in 1952-53. Lala babu said to my father, Montu Banerjee, you don’t know these people
how old were they at the time? Twenty-one or twenty-two
come with Maharaj in the evening. Come and hear Nazakat Salamat.” I thought, who is Nazakat Salamat? Although I was young, I knew many names – Ghulam Ali Khan sahib, Faiyaz Khan saib, Amir Khan sahib, but Nazakat Salamat? Father said, “Since Lala babu himself has invited us, we must go.” They made me sit on the stage because I was small.
The two brothers arrived with the surmandal. On the tabla was Anokhe Lal ji, and the famous Gopal Mishra of Benares was playing the sarengi.
Oh, wow!
They began the malkosh at eight in the evening. It was a familiar raaga, there was no trouble. Suddenly we realised it was past ten thirty, and they were still singing.
Oh my god! I was sitting in the front, and who wasn’t there? Ghulam Ali Khan sahib was there, Onkarnath Thakur was there. Everyone! And they were all spell-bound! Then I thought to myself, so this is Nazakat Salamat. Since then, I have met them many times, they has sung and played.